Taper turning apparatus



SCP- 17, 1946- W. F. GROENE ET AL TAPER TURNING APPARATUS Filed Febf 4, 1945 5 sheets-sheet 1 ,INVENTORS. WILLRM F. GROENE HARRY C.. KEN-PER ww@ R'TTORNEY Sept. 17, 1946.

W. F. GROENE ET AL TAPER vTURNING APPARATUS Fild Feb. 4, 194s 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 MLLXPM E GRGENE HRRRY C.. KEM'PER bbw@ Sept. 17, 1946. w. F. GROENE ET AL 2,407,778

TAPER TURNING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 4, 1943 5 sheets-sheet' 5 INVENTORS. Mmmm F. GRQENE BY HARRY. @.KEMPER ETTORNEY 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 4, 1945 w..F. GRoENE ET AL TAPER TURNING APPARATUS Y .Tv.

sept. 17, 1946.

. INVENTORS.

WHJJRM F. GROENE.

BY HRRRY C.. KEMPER 1Q we@ 5.

ATTORNEY Sept 1.7, 1946 w. F. GROENE ET AL TAPER TURNING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 4, 1945 5 sheets-sheet 5 rnrvxsrwokzs.v wmuam F. @Home nu) E gli-2m QKEMPER 7 "ATYQRNEY Patented Sept. 17, 1946 l'PAPER TURNING "APPARATUS William F. Groene, Cincinnati, .and Harry C. Kemper, Goshen Township, Clermont rCounty, Ohio, assignors to The R.,K. rLe'BlondMa'chine .Tool Company, "Cincinnati, Ukio, -aoonporation .of Delaware Application -February 4, 1943, Seia'llNoAfZilHSZ liClaim. 1

This invention pertains `to taper turning .ap- :paratus and is particularly :related to .mechanism :associated with @machine 'tools and 'specifically -to :lathe apron, carriage, .and .tool slide riappa- .ratns of lathes.

i'iDhe #object of lthis invention is to provide in 'a ,lathe Shaving a carriage, cross slide, and fan apron, mechanism '.ior .eftecting movement 4oi the .cutting tool on the cross slide of the lathe rior taper :cutting operations on Work fheld 1in "the ilathe. One .0i the .chief objects of .this in- 'vention :is `to provide uan arrangement in .such `a ilath'e mechanism 'Whereinpart of the taper cut- .'action fis 4effected by means of the simultaneous operation `of the .cross -slide and 4the car- .iiiagelongitudinal-lyof .the bed of the lathe While rvat the same timeeto provide .a taper bar operatting :at a :differential rate .of movement relative :tozth'emovement of :the lathe carriage to eiect `any variety and isteepness of taper ldesired to be lontheworkin .the lathe.

.Morerspeciiicallylit is'anobject .in such an arrangement of .the simultaneous actuation ofthe 'crossslideiand carriage and'lthe diierential oper- Aationof lthetaper attachment, to provide incon- .juncti'on .with both .of these sets ci mechanisms, change Vgearing fior operating 'the 'cross `slide and .carriage :at vdifferent"rates with 'respect to each otherfand to 'provide 4vchange gearing lin connecfti'on with the taper attachment .bar for rendering dierent rates of motion ci the -taper `bar Withrespecttothe carriage motion. It, ofcourse, is desired to have .bothoisaidchange gear'mechanisms driven byappropri'ate rtransmission gear- .in'gin the lathe .apronsassociated with .thisltaper cutting mechanism.

Heretofore, there have v.been taper cutting apparatus in 'which the `.apron had .a iixed ratio Lof imotionro'f :cross `Yslide'movement'.-tc carriage ltravel :along the ibed :and .in conjunction with this arrangement a regular taper :attachment '.bar was used which had no .differential motion v.with .revspect t'othe lathe :carriage movement. Another arrangement `formerly `used for taper cutting comprised change gears loetvveen .the cross fslide actuating mechanism 'and the .longitudinal icarriage feeding motion to effect a Wide Lrange of taper cutting possible wi'th this .type .of change vgear arrangement. With .latter ktype `of `change gear Aarrangement, however, 'there =was no ttaper attachment or taper bar ntilize'd. There have lalso :been taper Ecutting :arrangements in which the relationship :of vthe cross .slide to 'the carriage travel .remained constant `vvhile a rdif- L'iierential taper attachment `was provided which would move 'at differential @rates of movement with 'respect to the carriage travel. of these :above arrangements have ylimited Lapplication and -scope :of -use in that they are unable to lprovide a .complete .range '.of :tapers desired within (C1. .sa-22.)

may he operated simultaneously at differentV l0 rates `of .relative :speed by .effecting .a change gear v'drive transmissionbetvveen the carriage and `cross yslide actuating movement; and in conjunc- .tienwith this arrangement .it is also an object.

Itolprio-vi'dela *differential .taper bar which may .be 'actuatedat fa diilierentseries of .relative rates of differential movement for the 'taper bar With revspectto :the :movement of :the Vcarriage along the .lbe'd `df ith-e iathe. SItjS :'a .further object to provide `4in this lathe apron mechanism, ia .transmission gearing capable lof simultaneously actu- 'atin'g lboth oi said change gear .transmissions in l'association with their respective 'tool slide, vcarriage, and tthe taper har.

A still -Turther object loi' this invention is to 'construct 'this mechanism of compact design completely -enclosed `from chips or foreign 1'matter which might 'fall vupon it Afrom the actuation ofthe cutting tools on the Work piece. In this respect, applicants propose to `mount a taper =attafhmentlbarinthefront of the "carriage of the lathe 'andtotot'ally .enclose saidtaper bar 'by appropriate means so 'as to completely eliminate any possibilities of chips or other `foreign matter coming (in contactvvith the taperbar 'asin former 'types di itaper har construction.

"Further "features and advantages of this invention Will .appear irom the detailed Vdescription of 'the drawings i-n which:

.Eigurel is a .irontelevationof the .lathe apron and carriage mechanism Apartly in section on .the line I-I :of I.Figures yII, III, IV, and V yshowing `the change `gear transmission mechanisms -for the'sim-ul-taneous operation of the .cross slide 45 and longitudinal movement for .the lathe car- `.rifagearid also the fchange.geartransmission vgearing ,for :actuating the taper oar .in diiierential movement relative to the rlon'g'itudinal. movement ci" `the marriage.

Figure His a diagrammatic sectional view of ith'e apron transmission gearing :mechanism fshovvn on fthe line SLI-II .o'f `:ligure :1.

Figure .is `fa fragmentarylplan view .of the lathe .carriage cross isli'de mechanism -partly 55 in :section on the iinesfIIL-III nf .Figures I, IV,

rand V.

:Figure .1V is a liragmentary transverse Ysection through the `cross slide .and apron vmechanisni :Shown-nn the lines .IVe-.IV iniFigures `Land III.

:Figure V A.is fa fragmentary tra-nsverse .sectional view through the lathe carriage and apron mechanism on the line V`V of Figures I, II, and III.

This invention is'r shown appliedA toa llathe having a bed I upon which is longitudinally slide ably mounted a carriage 2 and to which is fixed the apron or apron housing 3 and on top of'which is mounted the cross slide 4 carrying the cutting tools `5 of the lathe. longitudinally of the ways 6 of the bed I by power from the lathe headstock transmission (not shown) which drives the conventional feed rod 1, Figure II, which passes drivingly through the splined bore of the bevel gear 8 journaled against axial movement in the boss 9 of the apro-11 housing 3. 'Ihis bevel gear 8 in turn drives a bevel gear I xed `on the input shaft II journaled in the apron housing 3 on appropriate bearings I2 and I3. On the splined portions I Ia of this shaft I I is slidab-ly mounted the driving pinion I4 which may be alternately slid into engagement with the clutch gear I `or the gear I6 of the compound gear I6-I'I. The gear I 'I of the double gear II-I 'I is at all times in engagement with the gear I5 so that power from the shaft IImay be transmittedl directly to the gear I5 from the gear s I4 or in the reverse direction to the gear I4, the l gear Iii-'Il' into'the gear I5 to effect driving of the gear I 5 in either direction. Appropriate handle shifting means (not shown) may be employed for axially sliding the gear I 4 on the splined portion of the shaft I I.

The gear I5 may be moved axially to engage its clutch teeth I8 with the clutch teeth I9 formed on the clutch pinion gear member 29 byv manipulating the feed start and stop lever 2|, Figure I,

.which causes axial sliding of the shaft 22 to which the gear I5 is nxed by appropriate lock nut 23 in a conventional manner. The clutch gear is journalled on a stud 24 fixed inthe apron housing 3 andrhas gear teeth 25 which drive the idler gear 26 journaled on the stud 2'I and which idler gear 26 in turn is in engagement with the face gear 28 fixed on the rack pinion shaft 29 journaled on appropriate bearings 30 and 3| in the apron housing 3. A suitable rack pinion 32 is cut on the outer end of the rack pinion shaft 29 and engages in the rack 33, Figures IV and V, xed to the bed I of the lathe.

Thus with the clutch teeth Island I9 in engagement, power may be transmitted `from the rod I to the rack pinion 32 to rotate it in either direction to eifect the longitudinal feeding motion of the carriage along the bed of the lathe. An appropriate hand Wheel 34, Figure II, fixed on the hand wheel shaft 35 journaled on suitable bearings 36 and 31 in the apron ihousing 3 has a 'pinion 38 xed on the shaft 35 in engagement with the face gear 28 so that when the clutch teeth I8 and I9 are disengaged the carriage may be manipulated longitudinally of the bed manually by means of the hand wheel 34. When the y clutch teeth 39 of the clutch gear 'I5 are engaged `with the clutch 'teeth 4D of the clutch gear 4I power may be transmitted from the feed rod 1 directly to the cross slide 4 for actuating it in cross slide movement independent of the longitudinal feeding of the carriage along the bed.

. When the clutch members 39 and 40 are so env gaged power is transmitted from the `gear I5 to the gear 4I which drives a pinion 42 fixed on the shaft 43, Figure IV, journaled in the apron housing 3 and which has xed on it a pinion 44 which in turn drives -a pinion fixed on Va shaft 46 also journaled in the carriage 2 of the lathe. On

the outer end of this shaft 46 is a gear 4'I which The carriage 2 is 'moved' i ing in the cross feed nut 5I attached to the bottom of the cross slide 4 has a splined portion '52 which slidably engages in a splined bore of the gear 48 so as `to be at all times rotated by the gear 48 though free to move in and out axially in the bore of the gear 48.

The cross slide 4 and the carriage 2 may be operatedv simultaneously in their respective movements through the medium of a series of change gears comprising a change gear 50a, Figure II,

mounted on the outer end of the rack pinion shaft 29 which in turn drives a gear 52a on a stud Ela in the apron housing 3, which is indriving engagement Vwith a change gear 53 carried on the shaft 54 journaled in suitable bearings 55 and 56 in the apron housing 3.n Under these conditions of the simultaneous driving of the cross slide and longitudinal movement of the carriage the clutch members I8 and I9 are continuously engaged so that the rack pinion 32 is operated in the conventional fashion for longitudinalmovement of the carriage and apron along the bed while rotation of the cross feed screw 50 is effected through the medium of the change'gears 59a, 52a, and 53 and the shaft 54 from which power is taken off by means of the sliding pinion 51 which may be alternately engaged with the gear 58 of the double gear 58-59 or'directly with the gear 59 of said double gear for effecting the connection of power from the gear 51 to the gear 4I in either direction. The gear 4I, of course, is connected to the gear 48 for rotating the cross feed screw as described above so that the crossY Y tapers by the simultaneous movement of the cross slide and carriage through the mediumof the change gears 59a, 52a, and53 a taper bar BI) is provided which is carried on a pivot pin 5I xed in the taper bar slide 62 which moves in the guide ways 63 formed in the taper bar cavity 65 in the top centers of the front win-g of the lathe carriage 2. This taper bar 60 may be set at any desirable angle within its range by means of the adjusting screws 66 and locked in place by suitable clamping screws 61 passing through clearance hole 68 formed in the taper bar 69 andthe screw 61 being threaded into` the taper bar slide 62.

On this taper bar slide 82 is a rack 69 which is engaged by-a pinion 10,'Figure V, formed on the shaft 'II journaled at its upper end in a bearing 'I2 in the carriage 2 and at its lower end in a bearing 13 carried in a lug 14 of the apron housing 3. On the lower end of the shaft 1I is a change gear 'I5 which may be connected to a mating change gear 'I6 fixed on the shaft l', Figure I, which is appropriately journaled in suitable bearings 78 and 'I9 in the apron housing 3. On the ion a stud'82 fixed-in the apron housingv3 Aand amarre which si in turn engages rack teeth 33 cut in the side of the rack 33. Thus it can be seen that as the carriage 2 and apron 3 move longitudinally of the bed l the rack teeth $3 will cause the idler gear 3l to rotate on its stud i2 and through the driving transmission just described to rotate the pinion "il and thereby move the taper bar slide @S in the guide ways E53. By appropriately selecting the change gearing comprising the gear 'i5- l various rates of relative differential motion of the taper bar carriage 59 with respect to the carriage and with respect to the hed of the lathe may be effected and, coupled with the angular adjustment for the taper bar a large variety of infinitely variable tapers may be provided and talren in conjunction with the transmission mechanism just described for the simultaneous movementl of the carriage cross slide, an innite range of tapers may be effected.

The modification of the movement of the cross slide by the taper oar is effected by the sliding of the cross feed screw 5i? while it is being rotated simultaneously with the movement of the carriage longitudinally of the bed. This mechanism comprises a journal block 8d which is axially slidable in guideways formed in the block 35 appropriately xed on the surface 3l of the carriage i.' by means of the screws S8 and locked in position at the rear by a suitable tongue is engaging in a key way in the rear face si? formed in the carriage 2, This journal block 84 thus may be' slid axially by means of the shoe li having a trunion 92 fitting in a bore Q3 formed in the bottom of the block Sil and which shoe Si has surfaces S4 which t around the taper bar Gt se that for any position of angular setting of the taper bar 6D, the shoe will follow this bar and, as the bar is moved along the length of the bed on the guideways E3, the block B4 will be moved in and out to push or pull the cross feed screw through the medium of the thrust bearings 35 and 95 to eect the axial movement of the cross feed screw while still permitting its rotation by the gear til. Manual rotation of the cross feed screw may be effected at all times by the hand wheel el appropriately attached to the outer end of the cross feed screw E.

One of the unique features of this arrangement of the taper bar 6E? in the front wing of the carriage is that it may be totally enclosed from exposure to any dirt or chips whatsoever discharged from the work and cutting tools. In order to accomplish this result, appropriate covers 9S and S9 are nicely fitted against the faces ll and it! of the block 8% and against the rear face 9!) and the bottom face 3l of the carriage to in this way insure a tight closure for the entire taper attachment mechanism with no exposed portions whatever and no moving parts at any point outside the carriage and apron mechanism which could become covered with foreign matter from the work and tools.

summarizing the essential functions of this taper turning apparatus, it will be noted that a longitudinal movement of the carriage may be independently effected by applying power from the feed rod l through the input shaft Il to the clutch gear i5, at which time'the clutch teeth I3 and I9 are engaged so as to transmit this power through the pinion 25 and the idler gear 26 to the face gear 28 on the rack pinion shaft 29 and thus through the medium of the rack pinion 32 to the rack 33 on the bed of the lathe. When it is desired to operate the cross slide independently, power is transmitted from the feed rod 'l to the input shaft Il and the clutch gear i5 at which time the clutch teeth 39 and lli are engaged and power is taken oif the gear ll and transmitted to the gear lig-lill and --ll'l to the gear @il for rotating the cross feed screw 5) in its nut 5l for actuating the cross slide i as best seen in Figure IV. When it is desired to operate the cross slide and longitudinal carriage motion simultaneously the clutch teeth lil-i9 are kept in constant engagement. Power is then transmitted from the feed rod l to the input shaft Ii to the gear I5 to actuate the longitudinal feed rack pinion 32 as described. At the same time power is also taken off the rack pinion shaft 2'9 and is transmitted through the change gears 5ta, 52a, and 53 to the shaft 54 where power is transmitted through the gear 51 either through gear fil-59 or gear 59 to the gear 5i for rotating the cross feed screw 5i). Thus under these conditions both the pinion 32 and the cross feed screw 5t simultaneously operate. Also by selecting various changes for the gears 5nd, 52a, and 53 different rates of relative movement of the cross slide i and the carriage 3 along the bed may be effected giving denite predetermined fixed steps of tapers for the cutting tool 5 mounted on the cross slide In order to further modify the various predetermined steps of tapers effected by the simultaneous operation of the cross slide and carriage as above described, infinite variations are effected through the medium of the taper bar 6i) which may be operated at a series of predetermined different rates of motion through the medium of the gearing comprising the pinion 8l operating in the rack teeth 83 of the rack 33 through the gears Sil, lli, l5, and operating in the rack 69 in the taper bar slide 62. Adjustment of angularity of the taper bar G0 also further modies the infinite variety of positions obtainable for any desired series of tapers to be cut by this apparatus.

What we claim is:

In a lathe tool feeding mechanism, a bed, a carriage on said bed, a cross slide on said carriage including a cross feed screw, an apron on said carriage, a feed reverse transmission in said apron actuable from a source of feed power of said lathe, a cross and longitudinal feed selector connected to said feed reverse transmission, and taper control mechanism in said apron including the combination of a change gear transmission, means for connecting said transmission to rotate the actuating cross feed screw and move said cross slide, means for connecting said transmission to said cross and longitudinal feed selector when longitudinal feed of the carriage is being effected, a taper attachment mounted in the carriage having a taper bar, means operably connected to the cross feed screw and slidable along said taper bar for transmitting motion to said cross feed screw in accordance with the angle of said taper bar for axial reciprocation of said cross feed screw, and a change gear transmission in said apron adapted to be driven from a rack fixed cn said bed by the movement of said carriage thereon and connected to said taper bar for actuation thereof to vary the effective motion transmitted thereby to the cross feed screw.

WILLIAM F. GROENE. HARRY C. KEMPER. 

